Communication free essay sample

Correspondence is an indispensable piece of human life, it is a method of uniting individuals just as a methods for making our interests and needs known to others [Casey, 2014]. As indicated by Sabo [2006], Kourkouta and Papathanasiou [2014], they accepted, correspondence isn't just a fruitful methods for passing on relationship building abilities and data, yet it is likewise a medium which permits individuals to interface with each other inside an alternate environment.Communication can be portrayed as a procedure of sending and getting verbal and non-verbal message between at least two individuals [De Vito, 2011; Balzer Riley, 2011]. Non-verbal correspondence can be communicated by motions, stances, physical obstructions and outward appearances which are deciphered by both the sender and the beneficiary [Hargie, 2011]. Critically, non-verbal correspondence permits spoken messages to be balanced and fortified, along these lines gives space for streaming of data to be managed and mak e it simple for the connection between the communicators to be perceived [Webb, 2011]. We will compose a custom article test on Correspondence or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Moreover, transmitting of message or data from sender can be powerful by not just thinking about the lucidity, tone and motivation behind the message and translation through the criticism from the beneficiary [Berlo, 1960; Miller Nicholson, 1976]. In any case, it put into account the inherent factors such qualities, conviction, culture, jobs, objective, and instruction and the extraneous factor, for example, physical condition like boisterous commotion and sounds that can misshape the message [De Vito, 2011].In nursing, correspondence is another life altogether wherein nurture live, Royal College of Nursing, 2012 accept that medical attendants are the core of the correspondence forms. This implies, medical caretakers are the person who invested dominant part of energy intimately with their patient more than the other medicinal services experts, thus, it enables them to arrange the patients care by speaking with them just as different professionals associated with their consideration [McCabe and Timmins, 2006]. Moreover, correspondence is an everyday activity action in nursing with various multi disciplinaries [Hart, 2010], with that, medical attendants must be a decent communicator to have the option to transfer data to differ ent experts to guarantee the best help is conveyed. With powerful correspondence, attendants help different professionals to get more data from the customers they thought about, Casey [2011] accepts that medical caretakers and different experts structure a significant piece of the correspondence procedure in a medicinal services industry.However, for a medical caretaker to convey an effective correspondence, it must show restraint focused [McCabe and Timmins, 2006], subsequently this training shows that we put the customers at the core of their consideration by including them in their consideration arranging through correspondence process. Thusly, it makes a sort of trust connection between the medical caretaker and their customers prompting customer sure and strengthening which permits them to talk about their enthusiastic and physical needs with their attendants since they feel progressively esteemed and loose with them [Bensing, 1991]. Correspondence includes relational and intrapersonal methods for dispersal of data [Ruesch, 1961] which can be either be sure or adverse relying upon the sentiments, thought and goal of both the collector and the sender [Catherine ; Fiona, 2013].This exposition will take a gander at the significance of correspondence when all is said in done, just as how imperative correspondence is in nursing, simultaneously to investigation an intelligent record on my cooperation with two distinct customers during my situation as an understudy. In the interim, some portion of this intelligent record will be focused on what I didn't do well that I expected to enhance that will empower me do things any other way next an ideal opportunity to convey a decent standard of care. The article will likewise weight on what I progressed nicely and for what reason did I do it well.Collins, [2015] portrayed the correspondence in the nursing calling as an on-going procedure of keeping a decent restorative relatio nship with patients and keeping up consistency and unfaltering quality between experts for a speedier recuperation and quality medicinal services conveyance. To accomplish better comprehension of the significance of correspondence in nursing calling, this paper will concentrate on the report of my encounters and connections with two unique customers during position in which Sue and Lona will be utilized to mean the names of the customers as a decent practice to ensure their privacy [Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2015].SCENARIO 1This situation was my first association was an exceptional involvement in a customer named Lona [not real], Lona was a little youngster with a learning trouble, she has significantly hard of hearing on right ear while on the left ear, she depended on portable hearing assistant for help. I knew that Lona speaks with orally which was not extraordinary but rather can also utilize Picture Communication Exchange System (PECS), to pass her message.However, on the grounds that her locale leave was delayed because of serious climate, she was low in disposition and stressed that she may never get the opportunity to go out to the network again. I was going to help another customer when Lona moved toward me for coordinated meeting as a component of her adapting abilities. Besides, as per Carl Rogers, 1951, he accepts, there are three primary conditions to convey a powerful correspondence in nursing, they are sympathy, unequivocal positive respects and coinciding. Compassion is tied in with placing yourself in somebody circumstance to comprehend their sentiments. Unlimited positive views mean as an attendant you should be non-judgemental, you should show sympathy and empathy to their patient in individual of their past, their emotions and thought must be regarded. Ultimately, c oinciding is about medical caretaker capacity treat customer with truthfulness and control. These qualities help to keep up the Genuity of the customers accordingly, empower them feel unwind with the attendants just as being valued.REFLECTIONReflection is a self-inspiration mindfulness, accept and methodology, in which our past training is analyzed, and our errors are gain from which assist individual with reacting to the comparable circumstance in a successful way [Nursing Center, 2011]Reflection is an essential instrument in nursing practice, that enables medical attendants to remember what they did and think about whether it worked out in a good way or not and if not, and how they do it any other way next time. Intelligent record permits attendants to give the best standard of care to their customers along these lines enable them to quantify their relational abilities [Siviter, 2008].Sully and Dallas [2010] contended that intelligent record is indispensable to the improvement of nursing calling. They underlined that intelligent record is intended to advance their endeavo rs which will prompt their individual better practice. There are numerous hindrances to reflection, they are; proficient pride, absence of time and analysis, by the by, reflection can assist us with avoiding botches, it can assist with expanding openings for work just as permitting individuals to utilize the best expertise accessible [RNC,2013].Majority of the individuals find they gain from their experience and reflection is a decent way to accomplish that. As per Professor Graham Gibbs, in 1988, he pinpointed six phases that can help intelligent technique along these lines making attention to the individuals by gaining from their past errors [Mind Tools, 2015]. Gibbs reflection stages incorporates, understanding, emotions, assessments, end and activity. Gibbs, 1988, underscored that feelings and sentiments have impact in a circumstance, he additionally perceives how individual inclination can have sway on circumstance and how individual can ponder it [The Open Univrsity,2015].On the principal situation, I think went poorly on the grounds that I neglected to contemplate numerous variables, yet at the same time it was an extraordinary experienced in light of the fact that we learn unintentionally, I accept next time I won't make such mistakes.At the end, I addressed myself whether the pace at which I spoke with Lona was proper? Did I truly demonstrate enough sympathy to Lona? Did Lona truly get the quality consideration he merited? [Baga y, 2012]. I got myself responded to with every one of these inquiries and consider it for future amendment.To accomplish best medicinal services conveyance, effective correspondence of the messages that interfaces the customers, attendants and the carers together should be appreciated through undivided attention [Mary Ann Boyd, 2008]. I think compassion appeared to Lona was not incredible, on the grounds that regardless of I am mindful of Lona hearing impedance, which I neglected to see that she didn't wear her listening device at the time we were talking could be a major hindrance to her comprehension. She was additionally attempting to disclose to me something however I was unable to comprehend, and I was not disturbed, this could influence Lonas feeling since I neglected to listen.To convey a compelling correspondence, we have to show compassion, which is tied in with placing yourself in somebody circumstance just as knowing their need [Skill You Need, 2014]. To show a compelling sympathy, we should know the individual we are working with and the sort of correspondence that is the best for them, this will empower us to impart successfully and in this way make is simple for them to comprehend us better too [Improve Your Social Skills.com, 2015]. In nursing, learning handicap specifically, exhaustive comprehensio n of comprehension of our customers will give us capacity to mind and speak with them truly and as needs be this will make them agreeable around us. Subsequently, individual loped approach of correspondence will grow once we have comprehended their individual needs and ready to manage it appropriately [Improve Your Social Skills. com, 2015]. With my failure to show great compassion towards Lona, next time I trust I will do things any other way. I will guarantee that before beginning discussion with Lona of anybody of her temperament I will make a point not to race to any c

Aims and Objectives free essay sample

Speculation: Shopping focuses in the Central Business District territory are better as in they give a more elevated level of value and assortment of merchandise than the malls in the local locations. Points and targets: * Our general goal is to thoroughly analyze two malls in the Central Business District (CDB) against another two strip malls in the local locations. We are additionally quick to explore the different components that impact the people’s choice to belittle the specific malls. For instance, the shopping centers in the CDB zones may be a superior spot to shop as far as shopping quality and assortment yet then again, the shopping centers in the local locations may speak to the open better regarding closeness to their homes and comfort. Our examinations will plan to discover the connection that exists between our preferred malls, and reveal an example that we will be going in further detail in our outcomes and discoveries as per popular assessment through methods like reviews and moreover, our own sentiments on the contributing variables or reasons. We will compose a custom article test on Points and Objectives or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Our principle center would be the nature of shopping gave by the shopping center. This incorporates the administrations, openness and the offices gave that improves the shopping experience for the supporters. We will be taking reviews of the supporters there to discover their sentiments about the shopping center and its quality. We would likewise go there and do general examination of the shopping center ourselves. This is to give us a base of correlation between our thoughts of good quality contrasted with the peoples’ thought of good quality saw in a shopping center.

No Men Are Foreign free essay sample

No men are remote reveal to us that we ought not think about anybody as outside or odd. Humankind is a similar everywhere throughout the world and in hurting anybody we are hurting ourselves. This sonnet stresses the way that men may have a place with various races, countries, however are essentially limited by a typical bond I. e. they all vibe torment when harmed and cried tears on the loss of somebody close and wars ought not break this normal servitude. In devastating another nation we are crushing our own Earth. The sonnet advises us to view mankind as brought together element. [pic] The sonnet is clearly a solid request for all inclusive fellowship. It underlines the way that the individuals of various nations have same physical, mental amp; enthusiastic encounters. Their destiny is the equivalent. They are not the slightest bit diverse despite the fact that they wear distinctive garments amp; communicate in various dialects. No one ought to be seen as more abnormal amp; no nation remote. We will compose a custom article test on No Men Are Foreign or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The writer accentuates the purposelessness of loathing the individuals who have a place with different nations. At the point when we take up arms against others, we just pollute our own earth. The residue amp; smoke brought about by war weapons dirty the very air we as a whole relax. The writer calls upon the individuals to free the world from man-made boundaries and parochialism (tight viewpoint). There is much in like manner between various races of the world. [pic] This sonnet is composed to encourage sentiments of crew, fellowship and to accentuate that individuals of various countries are similar in each way destiny, times of distresses and satisfaction and so on. Thusly James Kirkup has composed this sonnet to state that we are the offspring of the God and should we despoil our Earth by taking up arms, by battling we are censuring ourselves.Poet: James Kirkup The Theme The sonnet â€Å"No Men Are Foreign†, a sonnet by James Kirkup states that no man is remote or bizarre and we ought not see anybody as outside or unusual. The sonnet rotates around the possibility that all men are equivalent. Despite the fact that they are isolated by limits there is no contrast between men of various countries. The thing that matters is just inside a man’s heart. It is a general intrigue for fraternity. The distinctions among them relate simply to shading, dress and nourishment propensities which are not of much hugeness. Mankind everywhere throughout the world is similar. On the off chance that man is pulverizing another country, he is really annihilating himself and the whole humankind. The individuals of various nations may contrast in composition and dress yet their psychological, physical and passionate encounters are the equivalent. The writer puts forth an attempt to wipe away the disdain among individuals of the world and features the uselessness of war and weapons that solitary add contamination to â€Å"innocence. † The Summary  The sonnet starts with the speaker requesting that his crowd recollect that no individual ought to be treated as outsider or outsider since every single person are basically the equivalent. Indeed, even the individuals who wear various dresses are not the slightest bit not quite the same as us in light of the fact that however the garments are distinctive the bodies are the equivalent. Every individual are â€Å"brothers† as they inhale a similar air and live on a similar land. Throughout everyday life and passing individuals of all nations share a similar sun, a similar water and a similar air. Harmony carries thriving to all men and war brings affliction. The lines on the hands surprisingly show that they are totally bound to try sincerely and work for winning the living. In waking and in dozing all men are same. God has offered a similar solidarity to all men and it is just the human nature of affection that can repress the most remarkable all things considered. The poet’s message is that we ought not loathe our kindred individuals. We reserve no privilege to look down on anyone or victimize anyone on any grounds. The writer makes a solid request against the fiendishness of war. By waging war men befoul the sacred earth, dirtying it with residue and smoke as well as disdain, men must figure out how to build up the sentiment of all inclusive fellowship. Men must discover that no man is an outsider and no nation remote. No men are outside ells us that we ought not think about anybody as remote or odd. Humankind is a similar everywhere throughout the world and in hurting anybody we are hurting ourselves. In obliterating another nation we are devastating our own Earth. The sonnet advises us to view humankind as bound together element. The sonnet is clearly a solid request for widespread f raternity. It underlines the way that the individuals of various nations have same physical, mental amp; passionate encounters. Their destiny is the equivalent. They are not the slightest bit diverse despite the fact that they wear distinctive garments amp; communicate in various dialects.

The Right way of Thawing Vaccines and Storing Diluent - 550 Words

Immunization: The Right way of Thawing Vaccines and Storing Diluent (Research Paper Sample) Content: Immunization Student Name Institution Immunization Thawing a frozen vaccine by putting it in a cup of hot water is not acceptable. Most vaccines have poor thermo stability and the rapid thawing from the hot water lowers their potency. Thermal shock may also occur reducing the potency of the vaccine. The thawing process should be slow and carried out in a controlled manner where temperatures readings are taken (Turner, Laws, Roberts, 2011). Since the temperatures are not controlled in this thawing process, the nurse runs a risk of administering a hot solution in the vein of the child. This irritating solution may end up causing inflammation of the vein with a possibility of clot formation due to trauma. If the DPT vaccine was in the deep freezer, it should be returned to the freezer where temperatures are within the recommended range. However before doing so, the nurse should check the vaccine vial monitor to check whether the vaccine has been kept in temperatures which preserve its potency. The nurse should also check for the expiry date of the vaccine. Those vaccines that have expired should be discarded rather than proceed with thawing them. Those vaccines that are freeze sensitive (TT, Td, DTP, DT, HepB, DTP-HepB + Hib and liquid Hib vaccines) should undergo a shake test to check their validity (Turner et al., 2011). Those that a frozen solid should be promptly discarded. All these observations ensure that the thawed vaccine will still be potent when administered to the child. The DTP vaccine should be discarded immediately since initially it had been frozen solid. It is recommended that any vaccine that is homogenous or has been frozen solid should be discarded immediately since its potency has been greatly lowered. Any methods used to liquefy the already-frozen will not raise its potency (Turner et al., 2011). Administration of such a vaccine is associated with an increased incidence of local reactions or a reduced immune response. The children who have received the spoilt DPT vaccine should come for another dose no earlier than four weeks from the initial invalid dose. Before the next dose, they should be closely monitored for any signs of an adverse reaction and be treated accordingly. The diluents from the window ledge should not be used to reconstitute the measles vaccines for some reasons. The first reason being thermal shock may ensue since the diluent had become warm after exposure to light over a long period. A combination of the warm diluent and a live attenuated vaccine such as measles is a perfect combination for causing thermal shock. The diluent should be at the same temperature with the vaccine (+2 Deg C to +8 Deg C) (Kartoglu Milstien, 2014). Thermal shock refers to the death of some or all of the essential live organisms contained in the in the vaccine. Ideally, diluents should be cooled for at least 24 hours before they are used to ensure they are at the appropriate temperature. Secondly, the measles vaccine should be reconstituted with the appropriate diluent that came along with it. By placing the diluents on the window ledge, they get mixed up. This paves the way for the risk of incorrect reconstitution of the vaccine. Major adverse reactions, in cl...

Racial Segregation and Prejudice in Brownies - 938 Words

â€Å"Brownies† is a short story written by author, ZZ Packer, which takes place at Camp Crescendo, a summer camp near the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia. The story surrounds a group of African American Brownie girls, in the fourth grade, who journey to this campsite for a camping experience. On the trip, they encounter another brownie group comprised of white girls, all of who are mentally handicapped. â€Å"Brownies† is told from a first person involved point of view, through a fellow Brownie member from the African American troop, named Laurel. Because the story takes place in the 1960’s, ZZ Packer explores issues that are prevalent in that time period, such as racial segregation, prejudice and ignorance. Racism is defined as the â€Å"systematic†¦show more content†¦The Anti-Defamation League wrote in an article, â€Å"Blacks and others are seen by racists as merely subhuman, more like beasts than men.† The prejudice dilemma is exasperated by the distinctive treatment black people receive from the world, hence shaping young black people’s views on whites and intensifying their own sense of inferiority. Racial discrimination is still a cause of suffering endured by many, Packer shows how we all, as human beings, are in fact somehow in our own way deprived and unfortunate. The ironic twist of the plot, where a group of black girl encountering another group of white girls who happened to be mentally-challenged, puts on table the unfairness and injustice experienced by the world. The irony lies in that the blacks are now portrayed as superior than whites here because of their mentally challenged conditions. Hatred is the major underlying cause for continued racism and prejudice, which leads to violence and retaliation. â€Å"Even though I didn’t fight to fight, was afraid of fight, I felt I was part of the rest of the troop; like I was defending something.† This statement makes clear the power society has upon influencing the younger generations, showing how a community comes together to fight for a cause that they think just. Because it is a society, everything is connected in one way or another, causing prejudice and racism to be impossible to eliminate. â€Å"It was the only time he’d have a white man on his knees doing somethingShow MoreRelatedRacial Segregation and Prejudice in ZZ Packers Brownies1093 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, â€Å"Brownies† is written by author, ZZ Packer. It surrounds a group of African American Brownie girls in the fourth grade who journey to a campsite situated near the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia, called Camp Crescend o. On the trip, they encounter another brownie group comprised of white girls, all of who are mentally handicapped. â€Å"Brownies† is told from a first person involved point of view, through a Brownie member from the African American troop, named Laurel. Because the story takesRead MoreBrownies by ZZ Packer Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesThe writer ZZ Packer’s short story, â€Å"Brownies,† is about a troop of African-American Girl Scouts from south Atlanta that takes a camping trip; unfortunately, almost instantly, imaginary tensions build up between them and Troop 909, a group of white girls; struggle that later in this story develops as the main external conflict. Arnetta and Octavia, appear as the leaders of the group, and insist that the 909 girls called one of their group a derogatory word which is the starting point of the conflictRead MoreChildren Are Interesting Little Humans1149 Words   |  5 PagesChildren are interesting little humans. The prejudi ces and malice of society are hindered by the infant innocence, to such extent, that children do not comprehend what they say. Philosophy describes children as tabula rasa, meaning their minds are like blank slates. However, being blank slates can be a nuisance because children learn anything, despite the morality of what they are taught. The author, uses the characters from the story to portray the development of children’s mind and innocence. TheRead MoreBrownies, by ZZ Packer Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Brownies,† author ZZ Packer uses the narrator, Laurel, to explore the tensions that exist between belonging to a community and maintaining individuality. While away at camp with her brownie troop, she finds herself torn between achieving group inclusion and sustaining her own individualism. Although the events of the short story occur at Camp Crescendo, Packer is able to expand (and parallel) this struggle for identity beyond the campâ₠¬â„¢s walls and into the racially segregated societyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Eyes Of A Naive Young Girl By Zz Packer1915 Words   |  8 PagesStrawberry-Vanilla Chihuahuas It’s hard to live in the United States and be oblivious to the extreme segregation of races that has consumed their nation for decades. Not even a Brownie troop of ten year-old girls can remain unaffected. These stereotypes have left a lasting impact on even current generations, altering their perception of how they see themselves and others. Told through the eyes of a naà ¯ve young girl, â€Å"Brownies† is a contemporary short story by ZZ Packer about the harsh realities of the world, the

How Does Caffeine Affect Our Body - 1040 Words

How does caffeine affect our body? Caffeine is the most common thing in those kinds of beverages, such as Coca-Cola, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, coffee, etc. Drink too much will affect our body. It will cheer you up, but somehow still will destroy your body. Addicted to caffeine may cause blood glucose, Insulin Resistance and Muscle, Skeletal disease. Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid compound, but also a central nervous system stimulant, and can be very beneficial to human health if ingested, appropriately. However, if excessive intake of caffeine, not only would not play its fundamental role, but will cause health problem, also affect our teeth and bone. If one-time excessive intake of caffeine, it is likely to occur caffeine intoxication†¦show more content†¦If the one-time continuous drinking 2-3 cups of coffee, it would lead to central nervous system hyper-excitability. O Keefe, James H., et al. analyzes â€Å"Coffee, after water, is the most widely consumed beverage in the United States, and is the principal source of caffeine intake among adults†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦A daily intake of ∠¼2 to 3 cups of coffee appears to be safe and is associated with neutral to beneficial effects for most of the studied health outcomes. However, most of the data on coffee’s health effects are based on observational data, with very few randomized, controlled studies, and association does not prove causation. Additionally, the possible advantages of regular coffee consumption have to be weighed against potential risks (which are mostly related to its high caffeine content) including anxiety, insomnia, tremulousness, and palpitations, as well as bone loss and possibly increased risk of fractures. (p.1043-1051)† Soft beverages is the most favorite drink for young children. Addition to caffeine will affect more on their young body. That the regular caffeine use by children and adolescents may have an impact on their physical and mental health. Many scientist also stress the robust psychostimulant properties of caffeine, its potential for addiction and excessive use, and the increased presence and marketing of caffeinated products. Health Canada recommends that children aged ten to twelve daily intake of caffeine do not over

Appraisal Reflection The Recruitment Process

Question: Discuss about theAppraisal Reflectionfor the Recruitment Process. Answer: Introduction The recruitment process is always a vital process for an organization. Companies use the moment to search for the best talent in the labor market to join their firms. As part of the interviewing process, employers will need to see the skills a person has through various tests i.e. a typing test for secretaries. The purpose of this essay is to develop an appraisal reflection (Denda, 2015, p. 299). Communication skills are necessary to any profession. To improve my communication skills I decided to listen more and develop empathy. It was particularly important to start listening more than talking. Listening made me get little details in the conservation that show the message in the conservation. Empathy helped me to view different aspects of life from the point of view of my peers. When I combined good listening strategy and empathy strategy I realized that I was improving my communication skills throughout the semester (Elliot and Scallan, 2016, p. 139). Developing good communication skills gave me a lot of confidence. The skills made me a confident go-getter who could undergo interviews without any fear and sweating. Before the start of the semester, I feared interviews and view them to be very intimidating. Good communication skills will be very beneficial to my future profession. As a person with a preference for leadership. I will be able to influence employees to strive towards the achievement of a set organizational objective. The skills will be beneficial in passing interviews and creating a good image for me in the corporate world. As a student, I have never taken the need to develop skills such as decision-making, communication, and teamwork seriously. Having limited knowledge concerning the labor market requirements has been a bump in developing my professional career. Building a career portfolio is challenging and being a student I loved to procrastinate. Procrastination is the main barrier to developing a good professional portfolio. The college provides the necessary resources and the environment to sharpen these skills. During the semester I decide to take the issue seriously and try to develop the crucial skills that will give me an added advantage from other candidates in an interview process (Jones, Lavallee and Tod, 2011, p. 37). Personal insight and review are critical to establishing a career portfolio. My teammates and I have been trying to achieve the best out of our team to no luck. The team is stable with dedicated members but no teamwork skills. The skills needed in teamwork are what makes the team successful. According to Tuckmans teamwork theory, for a team to be successful it takes some time to and there should be no room for individual success in a team (Seck and Helton, 2014, p. 161). Knowledge of the theory helped the team from the middle of the semester to be more cohesive and develop a combined effort in tackling issues and assignments. The theory brought a lot of insight to the team members and helped us develop the skills needed for teams to be successful in addition to decision-making skills. Conclusion In conclusion, a graduate needs to develop a set of skills apart from the academic qualification to be able to survive in the job market. Set of skills such as decision making and communication skills give a candidate an added advantage during interviews. Reference Denda, K 2015, 'Developing Interview Skills and Visual Literacy: A New Model of Engagement for Academic Libraries', portal: Libraries the Academy, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 299-314. Elliott, R, Scallan, S 2016, 'Developing communication skills with GP trainees: the REAM approach', Education for Primary Care, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 138-143 Jones, MI, Lavallee, D, Tod, D 2011, 'Developing Communication and Organization Skills: The ELITE Life Skills Reflective Practice Intervention', Sport Psychologist, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 35-52 Seck, MM, Helton, L 2014, 'Faculty Development of a Joint MSW Program Utilizing Tuckman's Model of Stages of Group Development', Social Work with Groups, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 158-168.

Secret Garden Essays - English-language Films, The Secret Garden

Secret Garden The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett takes place in a dreary Misselthwaite manor in England during the Victorian era. The protagonist is Mary Lennox a selfish and spoilt 11 year old. The other major characters are Master Colin Craven her sickly cousin, Dickon Sowerby the animal charmer, Master Archibald Craven her reclusive uncle, Martha Sowerby a hearty housekeeper, a dour gardener, a cheerful robin and the secret garden. The tone is melodramatic and is told in the third person omniscient. The message about life to be learned from the story is that its never too late to change, no matter how terrible, you can make the best of things. Face the problems instead of cowering from them because if your don't they'll never go away. Have a positive attitude, live life and share it with the people around. Alienating yourself is not the solution. Mary, Colin and Archibald Craven are examples of this. Mary didn't care for anything, she was so spoilt that nothing and no one meant anything to he; she was so used to everybody hating her. Colin is also spoilt and filled with ideas that he's going to die. Archibald is the coward that can't face reality or the hope for a better tomorrow. The one thing they all have in common is negatively, you get the sense that they would rather be dead and in reality it's like they are because they don't care about anything. Mary is tossed around like a rag doll nobody wants; Colin is expecting to die and Master Craven runs from the possibilities of getting to know his son. In The Secret Garden there is person vs. society and person vs. her/himself. In person vs. society Mary is unloved by her parents and by most of those who she encounters. Her parents ignore her existence and leave her to the care of a hateful ayah. After her parents die she moves to live with her uncle and is greeted by Mrs. Medlock who finds her a disagreeable child. She and others don't give Mary a chance; they judge and sentence her. They do the same to Colin; they don't give him hopes of living and expect him to die soon. Person vs. her/himself is found when Mary, Colin and Master Craven have to find the courage to face the harsh world. They all fear this loneliness which they bring amongst themselves by withdrawing themselves from the world The climax in the story would have to be when Mary can't handle Colins tantrums and all his ranting and raving about the lump on his back that's going to kill him. She realizes that the way that Colin acts was the same way she used to be and she sets him straight. She doesn't give in to his hysterics and proves to him that the only lumps on his back are his bones. From that day on things change, Mary tells him about the garden and Colin gets a sudden interest in life. After that Mary takes him to the garden and this view on life changes, he says "I shall live for ever- and ever- and ever." It's a combination of events with the help of different characters that bring this story to its conclusion. But it all starts with Mary's arrival to the manor and her curiosity about the secret garden. Mary was used to being served and being alone, neglected by her parents she becomes bitter. "Full of disagreeable thoughts about her dislikes and sour opinions of people and her determination not to be pleased by or interested in anything." There was no meaning in Mary's life and that's why she was bitter, that changed when she moved to Misselthwaite where she discovers the secret garden with fantastic healing powers. The garden is walled up and has been locked up for years. With the gardener's apprentice, Dickon, Mary coaxes the garden back to life. The garden seems to have a wonderful, magical effect on all those who come into it, allowing Mary to help restore Colin to health and a reunion with his father. It's a story where faith restores health, flowers refresh the spirit and the magic of the garden coming to life after years of neglect brings both Colin and Mary health and happiness. The garden helped Mary regenerate then helped Colin help himself and at last Master Craven. Hope was regained and the loss they had all endued stayed behind in the past.

Impact of Maintenance Activities on the Environment Essays

Impact of Maintenance Activities on the Environment Essays Impact of Maintenance Activities on the Environment Essay Impact of Maintenance Activities on the Environment Essay The Academy Graduate Studies, Benghazi. Term Paper for Maintenance Management Course Titled: Impact of Maintenance Activities on the Environment. Prepared By: Haitham Hashem 4657. Farage Shem 4465. Supervised By: Prof. Dr. Farage Elfeituri. Contents Introduction3 How Can Maintenance Affect the Environment? 4 Limitation of Environmental impact in maintenance operations4 I. Evaluation of Environmental aspects in maintenance4 II. Environmental aspects to be considered5 1. Procurement Concerns5 . Hazardous Materials Storage6 3. Operating Practices6 4. Washing Activities7 5. Reuse and Recycling8 6. Painting Operations9 III. Definition of appropriate actions to limit significant environmental aspects / impacts10 The conclusion12 References13 Introduction When evaluating the overall environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle, careful consideration shall be given to the duration of the life cycle as well as to each of the life cycle phases. The relative importance f the impa ct of each life cycle phase may in fact be significantly different for a short life cycle product compared to a long life cycle product, the following table shows relative importance of life cycle phases on the overall environmental performance of a product: | Procurement| Design| Manufacturing| Use | Maintenance| End of life| SLC| ***| ***| ***| ***| **| *| LLS| ***| ***| *| ***| **| *| | | | | * Not very important| ** Important| ***Very important| For a long life cycle product, it is obvious that the impact of in-service use as well as maintenance of the product will be of significant importance. For example, a lack of maintenance for a vehicle or a machine may lead to a significant increase in the consumption of fuel or other consumables required for proper timing. Particular attention shall therefore also be paid to educating consumers or users to ensure the product is operated in the most appropriate and environmentally friendly condition, and in particular to ensure it is in line with applicable standards or regulations and in accordance with the initial characteristic of the product as delivered. How Can Maintenance Affect the Environment? Maintenance activities can generate a variety of solid and hazardous wastes. Commonly generated wastes include out-of-date supplies, wastewater, oils, petroleum products and greases, solvents (both waste liquids and vapors), paints, and consumed components (seals, belts, bearings,†¦), as well as waste metal, cardboard, and paper. Each of these wastes has the potential to negatively affect one or more of the environmental media (i. e. , land, water, and air), in addition it these activities it can also generate a considerable amount noise which is a kind of pollution. However, such activities and practices as segregating wastes, using proper inventory control, preventing spills, practicing preventive maintenance, improving process efficiency, and recycling can help minimize these impacts. Limitation of Environmental impact in maintenance operations When engaged in a environmental complain, either to improve a maintenance system or designing a new one, the following considerations should be toke into account: I. Evaluation of Environmental aspects in maintenance To limit environmental impact of maintenance during the use phase of the asset, it is essential for the various environmental aspects of the asset to be identified as a prerequisite. This can be done according to the methodology defined in any Environmental Analysis input/output box method, this analysis shall also identify which of the various regulatory frameworks should be applied when maintaining a product, as well as other commitments or company policies to be complied with: The result of this streamlined analysis shall be improved knowledge and identification of the significant environmental impacts related to maintenance operations. Analysis and optimization of the preventive maintenance (PM) program for equipment items associated with the organization’s significant environmental aspects will be necessary to make sure that maintenance is adequately planned, additionally, how are potentially significant environmental impacts addressed in the job plans for PM activities? There are two starting points for this optimization: Either examine existing PM activities as they come due and modify them to take into account the analysis of environmental aspects, or begin with a list of the organizations significant environmental aspects, check for appropriate PM coverage, and set up PM actions as needed. Predictive maintenance (PdM) activities are of several types: vibration, lube sampling, infrared scanning, etc. PdM actions are focused on more critical equipment and this proactive approach may be well suited for equipment associated with the organizations significant environmental aspects, looking into the PdM program can take the same two starting points as in the PM program above. As for corrective maintenance (CM), it doesn’t distinguish from PM and PdM so much, except for the fact that waste management becomes a focal point, due to the unpreventable association of waste generation to CM operations. II. Environmental aspects to be considered 1. Procurement Concerns Purchasing decisions are an important element of pollution prevention. Making environmentally sound purchasing decisions can help reduce the amount of waste generated by a vehicle maintenance shop. In addition, the purchasing of recycled content products helps support markets for materials collected for recycling. Will the facility use recycled automotive maintenance products and retread tires? Such products as refiltered or re-refined oil and hydraulic fluids, as well as recycled antifreeze and solvent, are available for use in vehicle maintenance operations. Will the facility identify and use the least toxic product available to complete a job? Many maintenance products are formulated with high percentages of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and toxic constituents. Safer, more environmentally sound materials are, however, available and perform as well as traditional products. For example, non-chlorinated solvents can be substituted for chlorinated solvents, detergent-based solutions can be substituted for caustic solutions in many applications, and water-based cleaners often can be used instead of organic solvents. Will long-lasting or synthetic oils be used when possible? Long-lasting oils reduce waste generation because they do not need to be replaced as often. 2. Hazardous Materials Storage Maintenance operations often involve the use of hazardous materials. The use of these materials can affect the environment through improper storage, air emissions of volatile chemicals, and spills and other uncontrolled releases, as well as the potential generation of toxic waste materials. Will hazardous materials be properly stored and handled? Proper storage and handling can include labeling containers, protecting materials from the elements, maintaining secondary containment, ensuring the compatibility of stored materials to avoid explosion hazards, and following instructions on the products Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs). Will the access to hazardous materials be limited? Limiting the access to hazardous materials allows a shop to keep track of chemical usage more easily and helps reduce unnecessary waste generation. Will a first-in, first-out inventory control system be used? This type of system helps prevent materials from expiring prior to use and becoming unnecessary waste. Efforts should also be made to minimize inventory levels by purchasing only the amount of material that will be needed in a reasonably short period of time (e. g. , 30 days) to reduce loss from spoilage. At the same time, however, materials should be purchased in the largest containers appropriate to minimize excessive packaging. 3. Operating Practices The use of oils, solvents, and other maintenance products can have significant effects on human health and the environment. The adoption of environmentally conscious operating practices can, however, reduce these impacts. Will maintenance bays be located to minimize the potential impacts of maintenance activities on the surrounding environment? Will the facility avoid unnecessary maintenance? One of the biggest sources of waste generated from maintenance shops comes from unneeded maintenance activities. An example of a way to minimize this waste is to change equipments’ fluids on an as-needed basis rather than according to a fixed maintenance schedule not based on equipment usage. Does the facility operating plan specify reducing the number and types of products, such as solvent, that will be used at the shop? Minimizing the types of different solvents used can simplify inventory procedures, reduce waste management issues, and facilitate recycling. Does the facility keep copies of its spill control and countermeasure plan for hazardous materials in each shop? Will the facility use drip pans, secondary containment, and other collection devices to help reduce the impact of spills and the use of absorbent products? Will a bulk fluids distribution system be cost effective? This type of system allows employees to dispense only as much product as is necessary for a job, in addition to reducing the potential for spills associated with the use of large, unwieldy containers. Will the facilitys solvent sink be operated to reduce environmental impacts? Environmentally preferable operating practices include pre-rinsing parts with dirty solvent before using fresh solvent to extend solvent life, removing parts from the sink slowly to reduce solvent dragout, using drip racks to reduce solvent loss, keeping sink lids closed when not in use to minimize the evaporation of solvent, not leaving solvent streams running, and cleaning out sludges regularly to maintain fresh solvent. 4. Washing Activities Washing can generate a large quantity of wastewater that may be contaminated with oils, greases, and dirt, as well as washing soaps and detergents. In some States, it is illegal to wash equipments without wastewater recycling equipment under certain conditions. Does equipments washing need to take place onsite? In some instances, offsite washing is a more efficient and environmentally preferable option. However, if properly implemented, onsite washing can be preferable since it can reduce the amount of fuel used expressly for moving the equipment for washing. Will equipment washing take place at a centralized, enclosed, and contained area to reduce potential impacts to the surrounding environment from runoff? Will equipment washing be conducted on an as-needed basis, rather than according to a fixed schedule? Reducing unnecessary washing can significantly reduce wastewater generation. Will the wastewater from the wash racks floor drains be properly treated onsite (e. g. , by removing oils, greases, and other contaminants) prior to discharge to a waterbody? Will an oil/water separator be used? Will the wash rack use detergents that do not contain phosphates or toxics? Can water from the wash rack be captured, filtered, and reused rather than being released? If a facility will maintain a large number equipments that require washing, a custom designed washing facility may be cost effective. If equipments washing must be performed by hand, a high volume, low pressure washer system will be more cost effective than a simple hose in terms of reduced personnel hours and energy usage. 5. Reuse and Recycling Many of the waste materials generated during vehicle maintenance activities can be reused or recycled into usable products. Reuse and recycling are preferable to treatment and disposal because they remove materials that would otherwise become waste. Are there plans for adequate segregation and containment of waste oil, antifreeze, and solvent? Each of these materials can be reclaimed or recycled if segregated. However, commingling these wastes makes recovery more difficult or impossible and dramatically increases waste disposal costs. Will the facility use solvent or antifreeze reclamation units? The onsite recycling of fluids is often a cost-effective pollution prevention option for larger shops. When onsite recycling is not cost effective, these materials can be segregated and picked up by a contractor for offsite recycling. Will the facility collect scrap metals generated at the shop (e. g. , used parts, empty material storage drums) for recycling? In some instances, punctured aerosol spray cans and drained oil filter casings may also be recycled as scrap. Will automotive batteries be collected and stored for recycling? Will the facility reuse cardboard and other packaging received in the delivery of parts and materials or collect it for recycling? 6. Painting Operations Wastes associated with painting operations include unused paints and dirty thinner. Thinners and solvents can also be sources of volatile organic compounds VOC emissions. Used spray booth filters are also waste products that may be generated from these shops. Proper training of employees and the use of high efficiency equipment can help reduce waste generation. Can water-based coatings be used instead of solvent-based coatings? some industries are working closely with paint manufacturers to develop acceptable substitutes for solvent-based paints. Will the facility use high efficiency painting technologies? When properly used, high volume, low pressure (HVLP) and electrostatic painting systems can reduce the amount of paint needed for a job and the amount of VOCs released to the air. Will employees be trained to use as little solvent/thinner as possible to clean up after painting activities? Will the facility employ a gun cleaning station? Gun cleaning stations capture the thinner/solvent shot through the gun and condense it for reuse instead of venting the substance to the air. In some cases, it may be possible to use water-based gun cleaners as an alternative to solvent thinner. Will the paint shop utilize reusable polystyrene booth filters? Traditional paint booth filters often must be handled as hazardous waste because of the presence of wet paint or paint containing lead or chromium. Polystyrene filters can be cleaned with compressed air and reused (with the paint residue captured for disposal). Once it can no longer be used, the cleaned filter often can be disposed of by dissolving it in a waste thinner drum. Will painting operations be located in an enclosed and properly ventilated area to reduce potential environmental releases? Will employees be trained to minimize the amount of waste paint generated by mixing only the amount of paint needed for a job? III. Definition of appropriate actions to limit significant environmental spects / impacts Appropriate limitation of environmental aspects in maintenance operations shall be performed in several ways: By considering the life cycle at the earliest stage, appropriate check lists shall generally be useful to ensure efficient and effective limitation of the environmental impact through appropriate control of emissions and/or exposures. Through appropriate training and education of maintenance operators and users, in this case, proper documentation as well as operator qualification and user awareness will be fundamental. Including careful selection of external services with respect to environmental requirements. Appropriate objectives and targets shall be defined in the context of a life-cycle oriented Environmental Management System, and associated action shall be identified and conducted through an Environmental Management Programme for Maintenance operations. The efficiency of the actions set up to limit overall environmental impacts in maintenance operations shall be regularly reviewed. Any deviations shall be monitored and corrected through corrective or preventive measures. Also Pollution Prevention/Reduction Environmental Impact Training in maintenance shops is closely linked with employee attitudes toward their work and the environment. A facility that provides basic environmental awareness/pollution prevention training and enthusiastically supports pollution prevention on a daily basis will have a noticeable effect on worker attitudes and can help reduce vehicle maintenance waste streams through such procedures as good housekeeping, spill prevention, and improved materials handling. The following pointes provide examples of actions to be performed to limit the environmental impact: * Identify all operations demanding energy, water or other resources, and the relevant requirements (environmental analysis). Identify all applicable regulatory frameworks to be complied with where the operations are performed. * Identify all consumables used and the relevant Hazards. Collect all MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) and data and have them available. * Select consumables to be recommended for maintenance operations with respect to environmental and health / safety Hazards. * Provide appropriate training for users when necess ary. * Ensure regular checks are made with respect to the initial performance of the products and proceed with appropriate repair, if necessary. * Identify any materials required to limit spillages, leaks, emissions, etc. nd the corresponding damage to the environment, and keep these materials available for this purpose, particularly in abnormal situations. * Select operators (including external services) on the basis of environmental requirements and give them appropriate training and inform them that the protection equipment is specified on the MSDS. The conclusion The maintenance activities could have significant adverse outcome on environment if not managed properly, although most of these negative effects can be prevented or reduced in cost-effective manners if addressed properly. The environmental management of maintenance operation, through the implement of environmentally sound policies, considering the environmental impact of the equipments life-cycle related to maintenance prior to purchase, and adopting environmental friendly practices in maintenance operations including waste management, will considerably improve the environmental impact of maintenance activities. The maintenance planning and scheduling functions will be expected to add environmental management activities to their agenda. Several questions worthy of investigation arise: How is the backlog sorted to identify overdue preventive maintenance work? How do activities associated with significant environmental aspects rank in the organizations prioritization process? What Key Performance Indicators are in place for assessing whether the organization is complying with its operational controls and achieving its objectives for environmental performance? Are supervisors clearly responsible for seeing that environmental management activities are performed on time? The CMMS is a great tool for tracking environmental compliance. Adding an equipment classification for those items associated with significant environmental aspects is an obvious change to make. There may well be new equipment items to include in the hierarchy. Work order types also may be appropriate for an additional type. Designing environmental performance reports is a good action. A responsive CMMS that is consistent, reliable, timely, and accessible will be a super aid for maintenance environmental management. Although these changes in maintenance practices may seem time-consuming at first, they do not all need to be implemented at once. A good plan of attack can incorporate these changes in an orderly and cost-effective manner.

Contract & Procurement - Business outsourcing - Case study 3 Essay

Contract & Procurement - Business outsourcing - Case study 3 - Essay Example We have been considering their revenue and therefore we negotiate with them on the repayment. Our flexibility in terms of interest on loans has also been an admiration to many. Our institution have been offering different interest rate depending on the amount borrowed and the repayment time. The greater the sum borrowed, the less the interest charged. Also, the shorter the repayment time, the less the interest charged. We also offer monetary advice on venturing and savings. These additional services are also important to our customers since some of them may be willing to start a business but lacks the knowledge and how to begin. Our services are, therefore, outstanding, and we are getting new customers every day. We are, therefore, facing some challenges in coping with the ever increasing customers in some areas of operation. The areas include; finance and accounting, investment and management, and procurement (Davis & Heineke, 2009). There are many factors that affect the decision o f a firm to outsource some functions. The table below gives some of these factors. After a careful consideration, the firm management have decided to outsource this sector of operation. Accounting is one of the crucial department in any institution more so a financial institution. We are looking to make sure that our financial operations reach a professional height. The financial companies that are willing to work with us must have a reputable past. The reason is that we want serious company that will take our operations to a notch higher. The following are the requirements for the companies bidding for the post should possess. The company should have a professional human resource department that is approved by the professional accountancy authority in the country. They will, therefore, be a requirement of the approval certificate of the workers in the company. The firm should also be enumerated with the registry of the companies according

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the Essay - 10

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the liability of employers for references. How, if at all, does - Essay Example Along these lines it is essential for the petitioner to secure that the litigant owed them a duty of care. The presence of a duty of care hinges on, upon the sort of misfortune and distinctive legitimate tests, applying to diverse misfortunes. This address recognizes the position in connection to particular damage and property harm. Critical Evaluations between a university and an employer in reference provisions Liability of a university such as Sussex in providing reference In the University of Sussex, It has dependably been clear that they owe a general obligation of consideration in planning references for learners. On the other hand, court decisions now make clear that this obligation has a particular legitimate measurement, and that an official may be subject for harms to the subject of a reference if misfortune is brought on to that individual through carelessness. Such obligation might come to fruition through lack of regard on matters of reality or estimation. In this way th ey guarantee that they put a duplicate of the reference you compose on the focal record. For current learners, this means the School record; for ex-people they send it to the Student Systems Office, Sussex House to be documented (Sussex, 2013). They likewise attempt to be reasonable, acknowledging the obligation of consideration owed to both the subject and the beneficiary of the reference, they also guarantee that the reference is genuinely exact and true as they are unequivocally encouraged to ask for, as suitable, the present School document or the filed index from the Student Systems Office and to check your realities as needs be (Sussex, 2013). It is additionally exceptional to note that they attempt however much as could reasonably be expected to oppose demands to compose up unsolicited references particularly when the person has not referred to you as a ref and likewise have halted from phone references as Oral references are effectively mis-interpreted, mis-listened, or misc onstrued (Sussex, 2013). This practice does not contrast much from the act of that of a manager to the procurement of references as is set to be laid out underneath or below. Liability of an employer providing References. There is no legitimate commitment on a boss to provide a reference for an ex-representative. This is liable to administrative prerequisites in certain divisions, for example financial services and where the gatherings have entered into an understanding, for example a bargain assertion under which they have contractually concurred a reference. A management's strategy on whether or not to give a reference needs to be dependable: a choice to provide a reference to some however not all ex-representatives could be discriminatory under the Equality Act 2010 (the Act) if this is linked to ensured qualities (Flint, 2013). Where a superintendent does provide a reference, he/she has a duty of care to the ex-representative and must take sensible care in the readiness of the r eference which must be accurate, correct and reasonable and not give a misleading image. While the given reference does not necessarily have to be comprehensive, it should not be misleading through oversight. A manager may be obligated for careless error where its reference gives an inaccurate impression and in great cases it might likewise be subject in the tort of double

Generals Die in Bed - Plot Essay Example for Free

Generals Die in Bed Plot Essay When he thought war contained glory and glamour, he finds himself wrong when his comrades start to die, beginning with Brown. A while later, he is emotionally affected when he kills a German with his bayonet. His emotional status worsens when another of his friend dies. The narrator then goes on leave for 10 days in England, where a prostitute makes him forget about the war. When he comes back, an attempt to raid the Germans takes place where the rest of his friends, except Broadbent dies. The general tells the new team that the Germans sank a hospital ship, and organizes another raid, this time to kill everyone. The narrator has wounded his foot, and discover that Broadbent was mortally wounded too. Broadbent’s leg is hanging by a string of flesh, but then dies by blood loss. Then the war is over. The recruits are told that the general lied, the Germans didn’t sink a hospital ship. It was a ship filled with weapons. He then realizes war is basically a chess game for the generals, and the soldiers are just young boys, listening to the orders, with meaningless ideals Wikipedia

America’s Foreign Policy and the Cold War Essay -- American History Go

America’s Foreign Policy and the Cold War The role of America at the end of World War II was where the origins of policing the world originate. America had been engaged in a very costly war in terms of dollars as well as lives. But, despite the expense the United States came out of World War II better than any other nation that was involved. The Second World War was a battle between the Allied and Axis Powers. The Allied Powers consisted of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and France. This war was seen as the fight against Nazi Germany, and therefore resulted in a majority of the battles fought on German and Russian soil. The aftermath left the Soviet Union in bad shape. Close to twenty million Russians had died fighting the war, which accounted for about eight percent of their population. Conversely, none of the fighting was done on American soil, and while the United States suffered in terms of casualties it was nothing compared to the loss Russia had endured. Because the war would not end until t he Axis Powers fully surrendered to the Allied Powers, the United States was forced to use the first atomic warfare in history. The atom bomb would later serve as America's greatest possession. Stalin, the Premier of the Soviet Union had always distrusted the American and English intentions. Because of Stalin's aggression and attitude pertaining to Soviet influence on Europe, the postwar stance on Russia had turned into a standoff. This became the origin of the Cold War. The Cold War, seen as a battle between communism and capitalism, was "in reality a more complex struggle over a broad range of ideological, economic, and strategic issues." Over the next several years the United States would spend more money on military and defense than ever before. Several measures were taken to ensure that the same mistakes at the end of World War I would not be repeated. The first in a series of measures was a postwar conference involving President Truman and the Soviet Foreign Minister, V.M. Molokov, where Truman controlled the entire meeting and basically scolded the Soviet's for not honoring agreements on Poland. Truman "told the Russians just where the got off and generally bossed th e whole meeting." This symbolized America's strong-arm stance against communism and signified the position we would hold throughout the Cold War. The next ... ...rying to get across. Because he saw the country from the inside Kennan also believed the United Sates should " pursue a policy of firm containment†¦at every point where the Soviets show signs of encroaching upon the interest of a peaceful and stable world." This opinion and idea of the relationship between the United States and Russia should have been widely accepted by Americans. They backed this idea of aggressive behavior, rather than a passive approach to the Cold War. Conversely, postwar liberal such as Henry Wallace, "a Progressive Party leader, continued to seek cooperation with the Soviet Union and defended the participation of Communists in their organizations." These ideals were quickly silenced. The American majority, being extremely anti-communist, felt relations with the Soviet Union should be harsh and firm. This period introduced American dominance in foreign policy. The ideals of personal freedom and opportunity were the driving forces behind Western philos ophy throughout the Cold War. Not only were these principles showcased, they were set as the benchmark of equality for the human race. Bibliography: COMPTONS ENCYCLOPEDIA COLD WAR;1989 JAMES CORNWELL

Radon Gas Case Study Essay

OBJECTIVE: Build a simple ionization chamber that is capable of detecting fairly low levels of radiation BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Radon is a cancer-causing gas. It comes from the natural breakdown of uranium in soil, rock and water and gets into the air you breathe. These radioactive materials â€Å"decay† into lighter elements, emitting energetic sub-atomic particles in the process, and one of those lighter elements is Radon. Since radon is a noble gas, it is chemically inert and doesn’t stay bound in the solid the way it’s parent did. It diffuses right through solids and ends up floating freely in the air. Being a noble gas, radon is fairly harmless, itself. You breathe in some radon with every breath but then you breathe it right back out, since it isn’t chemically active or electrically charged. But radon has a short half-life of only about four days, meaning that about half of it will decay within four days, producing new, even lighter radioactive isotopes of other elements like polonium, lead, and bismuth. Those isotopes keep decaying, until a stable isotope of lead is reached. These radon â€Å"daughters† are not noble gasses like radon, they are usually ionized when they are produced, and they will readily stick to anything nearby, like healthy lung tissue. They typically have an even shorter half-life than radon and quickly decay inside the lung, kicking out energetic alpha and beta particles that can cause tissue damage and potentially trigger lung cancer. This unfortunate chain of events is due to the decay chain including a noble gas. Radon gas is considered to be the second leading cause of lung cancer. It can get into any type of building — homes, offices, and schools — and result in a high indoor radon level. But, we are most likely to get your greatest exposure at home, where we spend most of our time. It typically moves up through the ground to the air above and into your home through cracks and other holes in the foundation. Any home traps radon inside, where it can build up. Any home may have a radon problem. This means new and old homes, well-sealed and drafty homes, and homes with or without basements. These are examples where you can find the noble gas: 1. Cracks in solid floors 2. Construction Joints 3. Cracks in walls 4. Gaps in suspended floors 5. Water supply It breaks down into solid radioactive elements called radon progeny. Radon progeny can attach to dust and other particles and can be breathed into the lungs. As radon and radon progeny in the air break down, they give off alpha particles, a form of high-energy radiation that can damage our health. Radon daughters will stick to just about anything they encounter, so they are easily collected by drawing air through a dusting cloth with an ordinary fan. After collecting the daughters for about an hour or two, the radiation being emitted from the cloth due to the further decay of the collected radioactive isotopes can be measured with a simple ionization chamber made from an empty coffee can, a single Darlington transistor, and a digital voltmeter. The deceivingly simple ion chamber is quite sensitive and can detect radon daughters in buildings with radon concentrations below the â€Å"action level† recommended by health authorities. A simple ionization chamber is nothing more than a metal can with a wire inside. When a radioactive particle passes through the air in the chamber, many of the molecules of air are ionized, having electrons knocked loose from the outer atomic shells. Applying a positive voltage on the outer can relative to the internal wire, causes these ions to be attracted to the wire and the free electrons to be attracted to the interior wall of the can. This movement of charge is a tiny current that may be amplified to detect the rate at which ions are being generated, and thereby the rate that radioactive particles are passing through the can. The chamber will be detecting mostly beta  particles. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Copper is an essential element for all known living organisms, including humans. You need a small amount of copper in your diet to stay healthy. On average, most people will eat and drink about 1,000 micrograms ( ÃŽ ¼g) of copper per day—drinking water normally contributes approximately 150 ÃŽ ¼g per day. Levels of copper found naturally in ground water and surface water are typically very low—about 4 ÃŽ ¼g of copper in one liter (L) of water or less—however, drinking water may contain higher levels of copper, usually as a result of flowing through copper pipes. High levels of copper can occur if water that is corrosive comes in contact with copper plumbing and copper-containing fixtures. Many factors can make water corrosive for copper pipes: dissolved salts and minerals, bacteria, and suspended solids, such as sand, sediment, and rust. The level of copper in drinking water increases with the corrosivity of the water and the length of time it remains in contact with the plumbing. If the copper level gets too high, the water may have a metallic taste and you might notice blue or blue-green stains around sinks and plumbing fixtures. It will be highest in the morning because the water will have been exposed to the pipes overnight. If you are being served by a public water system, the owner of the utility will have results of  copper sampling, which is a process that has been done in parts of the water-distribution system. In this chemistry science fair project, you will investigate another possible factor in making water corrosive for copper — the pH of the water. You will test the theory that acidic water is more corrosive for copper pipes than non-acidic water. In the procedure, dingy copper pennies will be placed in either plain water or in water with acetic acid (vinegar). You may know that newly minted pennies have bright, shinny copper but over time the copper and air react and the pennies build up a layer of copper oxide on them. The copper oxide is the dull, dark coloration on well-used pennies. In this experiment, if the water is corrosive enough to strip off the copper oxide then you will see the progress of the reaction by watching the pennies go from dull and dingy to bright and shiny. The pennies get shiny because the copper oxide is being stripped off by a reaction, which results in increasing levels of copper in the liquid. Unfortunately, water that is corrosive slowly eats away at the pure copper, as well as at the copper oxide. For houses with corrosive water systems, this can result in elevated levels of copper in the drinking water. On a purely practical level, houses with corrosive water systems might find that their copper pipes are springing leaks, and that the whole house needs to be re-piped with plastic pipes! To measure the amount of copper present in the solutions that are used to clean the pennies, you will perform a color-based chemical test. The chemicals for the test are contained in a small tablet, which is dissolved in water. When the tablet is dissolved, the solution turns reddish-orange. If no copper (or very small amounts of copper) is present, the solution remains reddish-orange. If copper is present, the solution will turn blue.

Media And Its Effects On Society - 1709 Words

Violence is much more socially acceptable in today’s society than it was hundreds of years ago, which is mostly caused by technological advances. As technology expanded, so did our generation’s tendency for violence. With all the breakthroughs in social interaction using technology, the media has become a large contributor to society. Coinciding with the first amendment to free speech, the media is a very valuable and powerful tool in spreading information when used for important purposes. However, many people abuse this power and sometimes spread the wrong message. Due to the vast amount of people promoting the wrong values, our society suffers the consequences through the immature minds of those who are easily swayed. Therefore, this†¦show more content†¦Just a few decades ago, producers of a reality show would immediately cut out these violent scenes, but now they have become instigators in order to produce these scenes. But it is not just pseudo-reality tha t affects people; actual violence shown on the news is also a factor. â€Å"Some of the best evidence of a violence effect for news is found in studies of the so-called Marilyn Monroe effect—that highly publicized suicides are followed by an increase in suicides among the populace over the course of about two weeks. Collectively, the studies on this relationship suggest that news coverage of suicide produces a 2.5% increase in actual suicides† (Huesmann Taylor, 2006). So regardless if it is pseudo-reality or actual reality, violence is prevalent among us, especially in television, because of the massive amount of time people spend watching it. Movies have also played a significant part of the media. Many popular movies are extremely violent. One of the popular movies that came out over the past few years, which is directed towards young teenage audiences, is the Hunger Games. It is about a post-apocalyptic world where a nation is divided into twelve districts. Two young representatives in each district are chosen at